97. Jung (1961, p. 156); see the discussion of Freud’s tendency to fainting spells in Shengold (1976/1979, pp. 225-228); see also Rosenberg (1978, Part III).
98. American Psychiatric Association (1980, p. 323).
99. American Psychiatric Association (1980, p. 322).
100. American Psychiatric Association (1980, p. 322).
101. Schur (1972, e.g., pp. 40-62, 91, etc.). Schur proposes that Freud had a heart condition combined with nicotine addiction in the 1890s. Cocaine may also have been a contributing factor, since this drug is now known to cause heart attacks.
102. American Psychiatric Association (1980, p. 323).
103. My discussion here owes a great deal to a paper by Rizzuto (1976).
104. Breuer & Freud (1893/1895, S.E., 2, p. 250).
105. S. Freud (1923b, C.P., 4, pp. 446-451).
106. See Rizzuto (1976, pp. 168, 169).
107. Letters (p. 85).
108. Letters (p. 124).
109. S. Freud (1909b, C.P., 3, p. 383).
110. Shengold (1976/1979, p. 200).
111. For example, see the recent summary of these theories by Greenberg & Mitchell (1983).
112. See Greenberg & Mitchell (1983, Ch. 9). For Mahler, see also Blanck & Blanck (1974, Ch. 4); Mahler (1971); and Mahler, Pine, & Bergman (1975). For Winnicott and for Fairbairn, see Greenberg & Mitchell (1983, Chs. 6 and 7).
113. Kernberg (1975, 1976); see also Greenberg & Mitchell (1983, Ch. 10).
114. See Greenberg & Mitchell (1983, Ch. 5).
115. Origins (pp. 188-190).
116. Swales (1982b, 1982c, 1983a).
117. S. Freud (1937a, S.E., 23, p. 225).
118. S. Freud & Andreas-Salomé (1972, p. 80).
119. Kernberg (1975, p. 30; 1976, p. 150).
120. Kernberg (1975, p. 33).
121. Kernberg (1975, p. 266; 1976, p. 64).
122. S. Freud & Andreas-Salomé (1972, pp. 72, 225). Freud quotes the same line to Jung in a letter (see S. Freud & Jung, 1974, p. 211).
123. Bakan (1958).
124. S. Freud (1923b, C.P., 4, p. 437). Apropos of this case, Freud also made the interesting comment: “Despite the somatic ideology of the era of ‘exact’ science, the demonological theory of the dark ages has in the long run justified itself” (S. Freud, 1923b, C.P., 4, p. 436).
125. S. Freud (1923b, C.P., 4, pp. 443 ff.).
126. Bakan (1958).
127. S. Freud (1886, S.E., 1, p. 11; 1888, S.E., 1, p. 41).
128. Vandendriessche (1965).
129. Vandendriessche (1965, p. 175).
130. Vandendriessche (1965, p. 167).
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